A Cholesteatoma is disease of the ear, which develops when trapped skin forms a slowly expanding mass in the middle ear space and mastoid bone.

It is continuous cough that lasts longer than 4 weeks is concerning and is a criteria for referral to see a specialist to exclude a serious underlying illness such as cancer, vocal fold paralysis or tuberculosis

Unable to hear in one of your ears.

Discharge that comes out from the ear, that has a foul smell, and is thick or watery.

A perforated eardrum is where a hole occurs in the eardrum - either due to injury or infection. In most cases, a perforation will heal by itself, but surgery is sometimes required to repair the damage.

Otalgia, or ear pain, can be caused by a number of factors including infections and problems with the jaw. A diagnosis and recommendation of treatment can be made by an ENT specialist.

Dysphonia usually occurs because of either a change in the shape of the surface of the vocal folds or in the way the vocal folds move. Both situations may lead to incomplete closure of the vocal folds when they come together causing irregular vibrations and thus irregular voice. Find out more here.

A tumour is the name for any kind of swelling or growth and can be benign or malignant. The most common type to occur in the sinonasal cavity are benign – they grow slowly and do not invade adjacent structures.

Rather than being a diagnosis in itself, tinnitus is a symptom, and it’s a term we use for any situation where you are hearing a sound that isn’t coming from an outside source. Find out more here.

The thyroid gland is a small gland, shaped like a butterfly or bow-tie that lies in the lower part of the neck around the windpipe and voice box. Larger more noticeable nodules occur in up to 2/3rds of adults. Find out more here.

True dysphagia describes an inability or reduction in the ability to swallow. It is a very common symptom. Depending on the cause, the degree of dysphagia may vary from being subtle and short-lived to more profound and permanent. Find out more here.

Sinuses are air pockets or cavities that are lined with a thin mucous membrane, the same as the lining of the nose. The sinuses are connected to the nose through small openings called ostia. There are two types of sinusitis – acute and chronic.

Disorders of the larger salivary glands are more common than the minor ones. Most occur in the parotid glands, which sit just in front of the ear behind the jaw bone on each side of the face. Find out more here.

Rhino-sinusitis is an inflammation of the sinuses and nasal cavity. Allergic rhinitis is likely to be diagnosed if sneezing, itchy eyes and a family history all occur. A large adenoid causes similar symptoms to allergic rhinitis without the sneezing or itchy eyes

Otosclerosis is a condition where one of the tiny bones in the ear repeatedly restores and fuses to other bony structures, causing gradual hearing loss.